Postfire dynamics of black spruce coarse woody debris in northern boreal forest of Quebec

نویسندگان

  • Yan Boulanger
  • Luc Sirois
چکیده

In this study, postfire coarse woody debris (CWD) dynamics in northern Quebec, Canada, were assessed using a 29-year chronosequence. Postfire woody-debris storage, decomposition rates, and variation of nitrogen and carbon contents of black spruce CWD (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) are estimated. The decomposition rate for postfire snags is exceptionally slow (k = 0.00), while the decomposition rate for logs (k = 0.019–0.021) is within previously recorded values for the boreal forest. The low decomposition rate for snags could be related to low moisture content associated with the position of debris and fast bark shedding. Given the low CWD decomposition rates and CWD storage (21.3– 66.8 m3·ha–1), carbon losses from postfire CWD are relatively low, varying between 35.5 and 128.8 kg·ha–1·year–1 at the study sites. The nitrogen content in CWD drops quickly between living trees and snags and increases slightly with time since fire in logs. Nitrogen content is not related to wood density or to moisture content of deadwood. Rapid loss of nitrogen is associated with fast decomposition of subcortical tissues, leaching, and insect comminution. The increase in nitrogen content at the oldest site could result from asymbiotic nitrogen fixation, although a longer time span in the chronosequence would probably have revealed a greater nitrogen gain in increasingly decayed CWD. Résumé : Nous examinons dans cette étude la dynamique des débris ligneux grossiers (DLG) après feu dans le nord du Québec, Canada, à l’aide d’une chronoséquence de 29 ans. Le volume, les taux de décomposition et les variations du contenu azoté et en carbone des DLG d’épinette noire (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) sont estimés. Le taux de décomposition des chicots d’épinette noire brûlée (k = 0,00) est négligeable alors que le taux de décomposition des débris ligneux au sol (k = 0,019–0,021) est sensiblement le même que ceux enregistrés ailleurs en forêt boréale. Le faible taux de décomposition des chicots pourrait être relié aux bas taux d’humidité associés à la position du débris ainsi qu’à la perte rapide de l’écorce. En raison des faibles taux de décomposition et de volumes de DLG (21,3–66,8 m3·ha–1), les pertes de carbone ligneux demeurent relativement faibles et varient entre 35,5 et 128,8 kg·ha–1·an–1 à l’intérieur des sites à l’étude. Le contenu azoté des DLG diminue rapidement après feu des arbres vivants vers les chicots pour augmenter légèrement chez les débris ligneux au sol en fonction du temps après feu. La perte initiale d’azote est associée à la décomposition rapide des tissus subcorticaux, au lessivage ainsi qu’aux insectes subcorticaux. L’augmentation du contenu azoté en fin de chronoséquence pourrait être partiellement conséquente à la fixation d’azote par des bactéries asymbiotiques malgré qu’une chronoséquence plus longue aurait probablement permis de révéler un gain d’azote plus élevé chez des débris ligneux beaucoup plus décomposés. Boulanger and Sirois 1780

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تاریخ انتشار 2006